The Ethereum network is poised for a major upgrade with the Fusaka hard fork, which introduces EIP-7825 to set a per-transaction gas limit cap of 16.78 million gas. This change, already active on the Holesky and Sepolia testnets, is scheduled to activate on the mainnet on December 3, 2025.
Previously, a single transaction could consume the entire block gas limit of approximately 45 million gas, posing Denial-of-Service (DoS) risks and hindering parallel execution. EIP-7825 establishes a hard upper bound to improve block packing efficiency and pave the way for future upgrades like EIP-7928 (Glamsterdam), enabling multi-threaded processing and enhanced throughput without altering the overall block gas limit.
For most users, the impact is minimal, as the vast majority of transactions already fall below the 16 million gas threshold. However, developers using batch operations or heavy deployment scripts must test their contracts on testnets and refactor large transactions into smaller chunks. "For most users, nothing changes. The vast majority of transactions are already well below 16 million gas," said Ethereum Foundation researcher Toni Wahrstätter. "However, certain contracts and deployment scripts, particularly those performing batch operations, may exceed this limit. Such transactions will be invalid once Fusaka activates."
All major Ethereum clients, including Geth, Erigon, Reth, Nethermind, and Besu, have implemented the Fusaka changes in their latest releases, ensuring a smooth transition. Developers are advised to re-sign prebuilt transactions exceeding the cap and update gas estimation tools accordingly.
BTC
HYPE